期刊介绍
期刊导读
- 08/14糖尿病患者可以输注葡萄糖,但 5 大问题要记住
- 08/13糖尿病患者可以输注葡萄糖,但 5 大问题要记住
- 08/12糖尿病患者可以输注葡萄糖,但 5 大问题要记住
- 08/12最新世界500强企业发布,全球30家医药健康企业
- 08/10糖尿病患者可以输注葡萄糖,但 5 大问题要记住
城市化发展与糖尿病激增(2)
10 Prof Napier said the study revealed a complex mix of risk example, in Mexico City, people were deterred9deter使不敢,使踌躇。from using cycle paths and parks because of fear of muggings10mugging抢劫。and wild dogs.“People want a safe place to come out and exercise with lighting and security,” he said.“So they use a parking lot at Walmart.”
11 As the number of Chinese city dwellers has increased so has its number of already has more than three times as many cases as the US and incidence is forecast to increase to 150.7m by 2040.
12 Even in Copenhagen, a city with plentiful green space, bike lanes and strong public services, the study found pockets11pocket指与周围环境不同的一小部分人或地区。通常以pockets of +名词形式出现。of high diabetes rates in communities with lower levels of education and employment and high concentrations of highlighted the need to target prevention measures at hard-to-reach parts of the urban population, said Prof Napier.
8 这将导致许多人失去生命,经济遭受重大损失。糖尿病患者血糖非常高,需要终生接受治疗,如果不加控制,还会导致心脏病、中风、眼疾和截肢。全球糖尿病医疗保健支出总额约为6730亿美元,占全球医疗费用的12%。到2040年,这一数字预计将超过8000亿美元。
9 UCL此项研究是基于对哥本哈根、休斯顿、墨西哥城、上海和天津这五座城市糖尿病患者及高危人群的访谈展开的。该研究所属的全球项目旨在帮助各国制定政策,使城市化进程与糖尿病发病脱钩。
10 纳皮尔教授认为,这项研究揭示了多种危险因素的错综复杂。以墨西哥城为例,人们不敢上自行车道骑车,也不敢去公园,怕遭遇抢劫和碰到野狗。纳皮尔教授说:“人们需要一个安全的地方进行室外锻炼,配备照明和安保措施,所以大家会去沃尔玛的停车场。”
11 随着中国城市居民数量增加,糖尿病患者人数也逐年攀升。中国糖尿病病人已超美国三倍,到2040年,中国糖尿病病人预计将增加到1.507亿。
12 哥本哈根绿化覆盖率高,自行车道随处可见,各项公共服务设施完备,但此次研究发现,在受教育程度偏低、就业率不高及移民比较集中的区域,糖尿病发病率仍然较高。纳皮尔教授认为,这说明我们要特别针对城市人口中的死角人群推出预防措施。
13 The UCL findings were presented at a summit in the Danish capital when Johannesburg and Vancouver became the latest additions to the network of cities co-operating on anti-diabetes initiatives12initiative积极的行动;倡议。.
14 The project, known as Cities Changing Diabetes, is backed13back支持,资助。by $20m from Novo Nordisk, the world’s biggest manufacturer of insulin for Danish group has benefited from surging14surging激增的;急剧上升的。incidence of the disease, but Lars Rebien Sorensen, chief executive15索伦森于2017年卸任,公司现任全球总裁兼CEO为周赋德(Lars Fruergaard J?rgensen)。,insisted that it was committed to helping promote prevention.
15 “We want to be part of the conversation,” he said.“If we were only focused on getting people diagnosed and treated with our products we would not gain the respect we need to be a trustworthy partner.” ■
13 UCL的研究成果在哥本哈根举行的国际峰会上发布。峰会上,约翰内斯堡和温哥华两座城市作为新成员加入了各城市携手开展的抗击糖尿病行动。
14 这一行动名为“城市改变糖尿病”,得到诺和诺德公司2000万美元的资金支持,该公司是全球最大的胰岛素(用于治疗糖尿病)制造商。全球糖尿病发病率激增使这家丹麦公司获利颇丰,但公司总裁拉尔斯·雷比恩·索伦森强调,公司始终致力于助推糖尿病的预防工作。
15 他说:“我们希望成为行动的一分子。如果我们只关注用自己的产品确诊和治疗糖尿病,我们不会赢得必要的社会尊重而成为值得信赖的合作伙伴。”□
What has caused global incidence of diabetes1diabetes糖尿病,一种以高血糖为特征的代谢疾病,患者体内无法分泌足量胰岛素,血液中葡萄糖水平升高,导致各种组织,特别是眼、肾、心脏、血管、神经的慢性损害和功能障碍。to more than double since 2000? The obvious answer is unhealthy diet, sedentary2sedentary在工作或活动中久坐;也指人不爱运动,长时间坐着。lifestyle and the resulting obesity—one of the main risk factors behind the The number of people living in urban areas now surpasses those in rural settings, and two-thirds of the world’s 415m diabetics are city A research report led by University College London sheds light on the“risk cocktail” linking the disease with city range from increased junk food consumption and lack of safe spaces for exercise to social isolation and economic David Napier, professor of medical anthropology3医学人类学,属于医学应用学科,是人类学的一个分支,以病人对疾病的社会心理反应为重心,而不是以疾病本身为重心,主要关注生病行为,即病人对疾病的社会心理反应。at UCL, said that, by focusing on medical factors, traditional research had failed to capture “the social and cultural drivers” that made urban populations especially vulnerable to type 2 diabetes42型糖尿病,原名成人发病型糖尿病,患者多在35~40岁之后发病,占糖尿病患者90%以上。2型糖尿病患者体内产生胰岛素的能力并非完全丧失,有的患者体内胰岛素甚至产生过多,但胰岛素的作用效果较差,因此患者体内的胰岛素呈相对缺乏,可通过某些口服药物刺激体内胰岛素分泌,但后期仍有一些病人需要使用胰岛素治疗。—the type often linked to obesity.自2000年以来,全球糖尿病发病率增长了一倍以上,原因何在?答案显而易见:饮食不健康,久坐不动以及由此造成的肥胖——此为诱发糖尿病的元凶之一。2 目前,全球城市居民人数已超过农村,而全世界4.15亿糖尿病患者中有三分之二是城市居民。3 由伦敦大学学院(UCL)牵头撰写的一份研究报告点明了将城市生活与糖尿病相关联的“混合型风险因素”。这些因素形形色色,涵盖很广,既包括垃圾食品消费增加、可供锻炼的安全场所缺乏,也包括社会隔绝和经济发展不均衡。5 The proportion of people living in cities increased from 30 per cent in 1950 to 54 per cent in 2014, according to the UN, with a forecast for it to reach two-thirds by 2050 as countries such as China and India rapidly Prof Napier said policymakers and urban planners must come up with strategies to promote healthier living if the exodus5exodus指(人)大批离去、成群外出。from the countryside was not to accelerate the growth of diabetes and other chronic conditions such as heart disease and cancer.7 Around the world, about one in 11 adults on average have diabetes, and three-quarters of them are in developing countries, according to data published by the International Diabetes Federation6国际糖尿病联合会(简称IDF),1949年6月成立于比利时布鲁塞尔,旨在组织和指导各会员机构开展对糖尿病的防治研究及教育,传播有关糖尿病的正确信息,采取行动改善患者的物质条件,提高社会福利。.The total number is forecast to rise from 415m to 642m by 2040.4 UCL医学人类学教授戴维·纳皮尔认为,糖尿病传统研究只关注医学方面的因素,忽视了导致城市居民尤其容易罹患2型糖尿病的“社会文化因素”。2型糖尿病多与肥胖有关。5 联合国数据显示,城市居民人口占世界总人口的比例已从1950年的30%上升到2014年的54%,随着中国、印度等国家的快速工业化,到2050年,城市人口占世界总人口比重预计将达到2/3。6 纳皮尔教授指出,政策制定者和城市规划者必须提出促进居民健康生活的策略,防止糖尿病及心脏病和癌症等慢性疾病的发病率因农村人口涌入城市而加速升高。7 国际糖尿病联合会公布的数据显示,全世界平均每11名成年人中就有1人患有糖尿病,其中3/4的患者来自发展中国家。到2040年,全球糖尿病患病总人数预计将从4.15亿增长到6.42亿。8 This trend is exacting7exact使付出代价,造成不良后果。a heavy human and economic , which causes a person’s blood sugar to become too high, requires life-long treatment and, if uncontrolled, can lead to heart attack, stroke, eye problems and disease accounts for 12 per cent of global health expenditure, at about $ figure is forecast to top8top超过某一特定数量。$800bn by 2040.9 The UCL research was based on interviews with diabetics and those at risk of the disease in five cities—Copenhagen, Houston, Mexico City, Shanghai and Tianjin—taking part in a global project to develop policies to break the link between diabetes and Prof Napier said the study revealed a complex mix of risk example, in Mexico City, people were deterred9deter使不敢,使踌躇。from using cycle paths and parks because of fear of muggings10mugging抢劫。and wild dogs.“People want a safe place to come out and exercise with lighting and security,” he said.“So they use a parking lot at Walmart.”11 As the number of Chinese city dwellers has increased so has its number of already has more than three times as many cases as the US and incidence is forecast to increase to 150.7m by 2040.12 Even in Copenhagen, a city with plentiful green space, bike lanes and strong public services, the study found pockets11pocket指与周围环境不同的一小部分人或地区。通常以pockets of +名词形式出现。of high diabetes rates in communities with lower levels of education and employment and high concentrations of highlighted the need to target prevention measures at hard-to-reach parts of the urban population, said Prof Napier.8 这将导致许多人失去生命,经济遭受重大损失。糖尿病患者血糖非常高,需要终生接受治疗,如果不加控制,还会导致心脏病、中风、眼疾和截肢。全球糖尿病医疗保健支出总额约为6730亿美元,占全球医疗费用的12%。到2040年,这一数字预计将超过8000亿美元。9 UCL此项研究是基于对哥本哈根、休斯顿、墨西哥城、上海和天津这五座城市糖尿病患者及高危人群的访谈展开的。该研究所属的全球项目旨在帮助各国制定政策,使城市化进程与糖尿病发病脱钩。10 纳皮尔教授认为,这项研究揭示了多种危险因素的错综复杂。以墨西哥城为例,人们不敢上自行车道骑车,也不敢去公园,怕遭遇抢劫和碰到野狗。纳皮尔教授说:“人们需要一个安全的地方进行室外锻炼,配备照明和安保措施,所以大家会去沃尔玛的停车场。”11 随着中国城市居民数量增加,糖尿病患者人数也逐年攀升。中国糖尿病病人已超美国三倍,到2040年,中国糖尿病病人预计将增加到1.507亿。12 哥本哈根绿化覆盖率高,自行车道随处可见,各项公共服务设施完备,但此次研究发现,在受教育程度偏低、就业率不高及移民比较集中的区域,糖尿病发病率仍然较高。纳皮尔教授认为,这说明我们要特别针对城市人口中的死角人群推出预防措施。13 The UCL findings were presented at a summit in the Danish capital when Johannesburg and Vancouver became the latest additions to the network of cities co-operating on anti-diabetes initiatives12initiative积极的行动;倡议。.14 The project, known as Cities Changing Diabetes, is backed13back支持,资助。by $20m from Novo Nordisk, the world’s biggest manufacturer of insulin for Danish group has benefited from surging14surging激增的;急剧上升的。incidence of the disease, but Lars Rebien Sorensen, chief executive15索伦森于2017年卸任,公司现任全球总裁兼CEO为周赋德(Lars Fruergaard J?rgensen)。,insisted that it was committed to helping promote “We want to be part of the conversation,” he said.“If we were only focused on getting people diagnosed and treated with our products we would not gain the respect we need to be a trustworthy partner.” ■13 UCL的研究成果在哥本哈根举行的国际峰会上发布。峰会上,约翰内斯堡和温哥华两座城市作为新成员加入了各城市携手开展的抗击糖尿病行动。14 这一行动名为“城市改变糖尿病”,得到诺和诺德公司2000万美元的资金支持,该公司是全球最大的胰岛素(用于治疗糖尿病)制造商。全球糖尿病发病率激增使这家丹麦公司获利颇丰,但公司总裁拉尔斯·雷比恩·索伦森强调,公司始终致力于助推糖尿病的预防工作。15 他说:“我们希望成为行动的一分子。如果我们只关注用自己的产品确诊和治疗糖尿病,我们不会赢得必要的社会尊重而成为值得信赖的合作伙伴。”□
文章来源:《糖尿病新世界》 网址: http://www.tnbxsj.cn/qikandaodu/2020/0814/425.html
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